NastyNate - Cellular Respiration Rap lyrics

[Intro: Hydrolysis Heath, Nasty Nate, & Atrocious Andy] Ayy, this is an educational video Representing 1 Dave Paddock Way It's Nasty Nate, Atrocious Andy, you're gonna learn today It's Hydrolysis Heath and the Mito Men We got the greatest rap video that's ever been Today's lesson: cellular respiration The latest energy generating sensation We've broken it down to 3 stages This process has been going on since the Middle Ages The cytosol is where we begin all this So sit back and watch us explain Glycolysis [Verse 1: Hydrolysis Heath, Nasty Nate, & Atrocious Andy] Glucose is a carbohydrate, that takes a new state As two smaller molecules called pyruvate The energy this creates, is in the form of 4 adenosine triphosphate When releasing energy that tri- turns to di- ATP is to cells what spinach is to Popeye These ATP don't come from your imagination They come from substrate-level phosphorylation A molecule with a phosphate on the side Gets that phosphate taken, it goes for a ride With an enzyme designed to blow your mind When that phosphate and ADP get combined We have one more acronym to memorize It's NAD+, but don't be surprised When people say NADH, you'll soon see NADH carries electrons for the ETC In conclusion, the Kreb's Cycle generates 2 ATP, (2) NADH, and (2) pyruvates We'll follow the pyruvates to the Kreb's Cycle There's Andy on a tricycle [Chorus: Hydrolysis Heath, Nasty Nate, & Atrocious Andy] We're breaking down sugar like the Kool-Aid Man Rapping so well you'd think we were the Wu Tang Clan Crushing Glucose into ~38 ATP Can't beat that aerobic efficiency Using monosaccharides for energy production To power each cell's metabolic function Respiration is what keeps you alive Remember this and you're sure to get a 5 [Verse 2: Hydrolysis Heath, Nasty Nate, & Atrocious Andy] Each pyruvate enters the mitochondria But as soon as it does it turns into… Aaaacetly CoA and one Carbon dioxide NADH and 3 ATP are formed on the side This is the prep step for the cycle we know Now it's off to the mitochondrial matrix we go Acetyl CoA and Oxaloacetic Acid Combine to Citric Acid, this 6 carbon ma** is Reverted through a series of oxidation reactions Back to OAA after energy extractions Including the prep step, Kreb's Cycle generates 8 NADH and 2 ATP per pyruvate The carbons from glucose can be traced To 6 carbon dioxides released as waste The cycle also yields FADH2 A molecule that carries electrons too Like NADH but not as efficient But when carrying electrons, it's sufficient Now all electron carriers are set It's time for the ETC, the best cycle yet [Chorus] [Verse 3: Hydrolysis Heath, Nasty Nate, & Atrocious Andy] The Electron Transport Chain needs little explanation Hydrogen ions are pumped to a higher concentration The movement of ions is chemiosmosis No respiration rap will ever toast this These protons diffuse like they're in a race From the matrix to the intermembrane space Electron carriers undergo oxidation All in the name of ATP creation Proton pumps perform active transport all day Causing a concentration gradient to form from the fray These protons want to travel from high to low So through ATP Synthase they go This flow of protons does not go unseen It causes ATP Synthase to spin like a washing machine The revolutions generate chemical energy That the cells allocate to power activity [Chorus] [Verse 4: Hydrolysis Heath, Nasty Nate, & Atrocious Andy] The hydrogen ions now in the matrix again React with the final acceptor Oxygen Oxygen and two Hydrogens combine in a burst To make water so you can quench that thirst Respiration would keep going all the time If it wasn't for a special allosteric enzyme Phosphofructokinase is there to save the day But all his friends call him PFK (PFK) PFK's purpose is to phosphorylate fructose He's an important enzyme but he doesn't like to boast Let's say you've been doing respiration all day long And you've made a million ATP by this point in the song ATP will fit in PFK's allosteric site Inhibiting PFK by making it's shape not right As ATP is used up, PFK is free To continue Glycolysis and make ATP This is a negative feedback loop Now you can teach this to your study group That's all we have for this unit When we do Photosynthesis, y'all gonna lose it [Chorus]