UNFCCC ADP Contact Group - Paris Agreement (6-Nov). Article 3: Mitigation. lyrics

Article 3 (MITIGATION) {Collective long-term goal} 1. Option 1: Parties aim [to achieve the global temperature goal], in accordance with the best available science [and the principles of the Convention], through [long-term global [low-[carbon][emission] transformation] [[climate][carbon] neutrality]], [and the peaking of their [net] emissions] [by 2030][by 20XX][as soon as possible], [with a [x]40–[y]70 per cent net emission reduction below the 2010 level by 2050][according to the global carbon budget distribution based on climate justice], and [overall reductions][[net] zero emissions] [over the course of the present century][by 2050][by 2100].2 ] Option 2: [Parties aim to reach a long-term global low-emission transformation in the context of sustainable development and equitable access to atmospheric space [placeholder for further elaboration of the context, including CBDR, comprehensiveness, distribution of global carbon budget based on climate justice and etc.].] Option 3: [In pursuit of the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2,][and][to achieve the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2,] Parties aim to reach [by X date] [as soon as possible] [a peaking of global greenhouse gas emissions] [and rapid reductions of global greenhouse gas emissions thereafter to at least] [40– 70] [70–95] per cent below the 2010 level by 2050] [and zero net greenhouse gas emissions in the period 2060– 2080] [[bearing in mind that peaking will vary for different countries and will be longer for developing countries] [[and] bearing in mind that social and economic development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of developing country Parties]][[in pursuing [the decarbonization of the global economy over the course of this century] [global low-carbon transformation] [global low-emission transformation]] [in the sharing of the remaining global emission budget]]. {Individual efforts} 2. Option 1: Each Party [shall][should][other] regularly [prepare] communicate [maintain] [fulfill] [implement] [a] [successive] nationally determined mitigation [contribution][commitment][component of the contribution referred to in Article 2bis] (NDMC), which the Party [shall][should][other] implement. Option 2: [Each Party][All Parties] [recognizing the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities] [shall][should][other] regularly [formulate] [prepare], [communicate] [submit], [maintain] [update] and [shall][should][other] [implement] [fulfill] [intended][nationally determined mitigation [commitments][contributions][actions]] [nationally determined mitigation commitments and/or contributions] [a nationally determined contribution with a mitigation component], [, which can be in the form of co-benefits resulting from [its] [the Party's] adaptation contributions and economic diversification plans] [programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change] (NDMC/NDMCC) [placeholder of context, principles, Art 4, support, etc.] 3 {Differentiated efforts} Option 1: (paragraph 3): 3. No text additional to paragraph 2 above. Option 2: (paragraphs 3-3quater) 3. In accordance with Article 4, paragraph 2, of the Convention, developed country Parties and other Parties included in Annex I shall undertake quantified economy-wide absolute emission reduction commitments/targets, which are comparable, measurable, reportable and verifiable, cover all greenhouse gases and are implemented domestically without any conditions. 3bis. In accordance with Article 4, paragraphs 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7, of the Convention, developing country Parties should undertake diversified enhanced mitigation actions/efforts in a measurable, reportable, and verifiable manner, in the context of sustainable development and supported and enabled by the provision of adequate finance, technology and capacity-building by developed country Parties. 3ter. Developed country Parties' post-2020 economy-wide absolute emission reduction commitments/targets shall be progressively more ambitious over time. 3quater. Developing country Parties' post-2020 diversified enhanced mitigation actions/efforts will be more ambitious than their pre-2020 actions under the Bali Action Plan, supported and enabled by enhanced finance, technology development and transfer and capacity-building by developed country Parties over time. Option 3: {add following to option 1 of paragraph 2 of this Article}: [in accordance with][taking into account] its common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances {principle based differentiation} Option 4: (paragraphs 3-3ter) {modulators to paragraph 2 of this Article} 3. Option (a): Each Party that has previously [communicated] [implemented] absolute economy-wide emissions reduction or limitation targets should continue to do so and all Parties should aim to do so over time. {modality based differentiation option 1 + progression of modalities} Option (b): Developed country Parties [and other Parties [in a position][that determine] to do so] should take the lead in mitigation efforts, including by [communicating] [and implementing] absolute economy-wide emissions reduction [or limitation] targets and all other Parties should aim to do so over time. {developed countries taking the lead + modality based differentiation option 2} [Parties may otherwise communicate quantified targets relative to business as usual, carbon intensity of gross domestic product, or other reference point, or non-economy-wide actions.] 3bis. Option (a): Each Party's NDMC/NDMCC [shall][should][other] reflect a progression beyond the Party's previous efforts and highest possible ambition {level of ambition + progression} [in accordance with][taking into account] its common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances {principle based differentiation} Option (b): Each Party's NDMC/NDMCC [shall][should][other] reflect the highest possible ambition [level of ambition] [in accordance with][taking into account] its common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances {principle based differentiation} 3ter. Notwithstanding paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article, Parties that are LDCs or SIDs may communicate their NDMC/NDMCC at their discretion, including information on strategies, plans and actions for low greenhouse gas emission development, reflecting their special circumstances. {applies to all options for Differentiated efforts in this Article} {Progression} 4. Each Party's NDMC/NDMCC [shall][should][other] be progressively more ambitious over time. [The progression of ambition of developing country Parties' NDMC/NDMCC will be supported and enabled by enhanced finance, technology development and transfer and capacity-building by developed country Parties over time.] {Ambition} 5. Each Party should ensure that its NDMC/NDMCC reflects its highest possible ambition in the light of its national circumstances and of recommendations of science. {Information} 6. In communicating their [proposed] [intended] NDMC/NDMCC, Parties shall provide the information necessary for clarity, transparency and understanding, in accordance with [decision 1/CP.21][decision 1/CP.20 ] [and any subsequent decisions of the CMA.] [Article 12 of the Convention and the relevant arrangement for reporting information adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention (COP) including those resulting from the Bali Action Plan and the information listed in decision 1/CP.20.] {Features} Option 1: (paragraph 7) 7. [Each Party' s NDMC/NDMCC [shall][should][other]: (a) [Be quantified or quantifiable;] (b) [Be unconditional, at least in part;]6 [ with developing countries able to specify additional levels of mitigation to be implemented with support;] (c) [Maximize adaptation co-benefits;] (d) [Prioritize actions that are immediately implementable, scalable and results oriented, including REDDplus;] (e) [[Strive to] include all key categories of emissions by sources and removals by sinks;] (f) [Include any source, sink or activity that has been previously included;] (g) [Continue to include any sources, sink or activity that has been previously included;] (h) [Be based on reference values that are defined transparently and are consistent with environmental integrity;] (i) [Use common Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) metrics, guidance and guidelines for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions and removals as agreed by the CMA;] (j) [To the extent that it uses baselines, base these on real and verifiable data;] (k) [Be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Convention;] (l) [Take into account the outcomes of the global stock-take and the process to facilitate implementation as set out in Articles 10 and 11, respectively;] (m) [Parties should use a joint mitigation and adaptation approach for the integral and sustainable management of forests as an alternative policy approach to results-based payments;] (n) [, which can be in the form of co-benefits resulting from [its] [the Party's] adaptation contributions and economic diversification plans;] (o) [Ensure environmental integrity;] (p) [Other.]] Option 2: (paragraphs 7 and 7bis) 7. [Each developed country Party's NDMC/NDMCC [and of those Parties in a position to do so] [shall][should][other]: (a) [Be quantified or quantifiable;] (b) [Be unconditional;] (c) [Maximize adaptation co-benefits;] (d) [Prioritize actions that are immediately implementable, scalable and results oriented, including REDDplus;] (e) [[Strive to] include all key categories of emissions by sources and removals by sinks;] (f) [Include any source, sink or activity that has been previously included;] (g) [Continue to include any sources, sink or activity that has been previously included;] (h) [Be based on reference values that are defined transparently and are consistent with environmental integrity;] (i) [Use common IPCC metrics, guidance and guidelines for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions and removals as agreed by the CMA;] (j) [Base any baselines on real and verifiable data;] (k) [Be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Convention;] (l) [Take into account the outcomes of the global stock-take and the process to facilitate implementation a**et out in Articles 10 and 11, respectively;] (m) [Parties should use a joint mitigation and adaptation approach for the integral and sustainable management of forests as an alternative policy approach to results-based payments;] (n) [, which can be in the form of co-benefits resulting from [its] [the Party's] adaptation contributions and economic diversification plans ] (o) [Ensure environmental integrity;] (p) [Other.]] 7bis. [Each developing country Party's NDMC/NDMCC [shall][should][other]: (i) [Be expressed as an unconditional target and a conditional target based on the provision of finance and/or technology transfer and/or capacity-building;] (ii) [Be expressed as a sectoral target or a collection of targets;] (iii) [Be expressed, where possible, in a manner that is quantified or quantifiable;] (iv) [Maximize adaptation co-benefits;] (v) [Prioritize actions that are immediately implementable, scalable and results-oriented, including REDDplus;]. (vi) [[Strive to] include all key categories of emissions by sources and removals by sinks;] (vii) [Include any source, sink or activity that has been previously included;] (viii) [Continue to include any sources, sink or activity that has been previously included;] (i) [Be based on reference values that are defined transparently and are consistent with environmental integrity;] (j) [Use common IPCC metrics, guidance and guidelines for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions and removals as agreed by the CMA;] (k) [Base any baselines on real and verifiable data;] (l) [Be implemented in accordance with the provisions of the Convention;] (m) [Take into account the outcomes of the global stock-take and the process to facilitate implementation as set out in Articles 10 and 11, respectively;] (n) [Parties should use a joint mitigation and adaptation approach for the integral and sustainable management of forests as an alternative policy approach to results-based payments;] (o) [, which can be in the form of co-benefits resulting from [its] [the Party's] adaptation contributions and economic diversification plans;] (p) [Ensure environmental integrity;] (q) [Other.]] {Timing} 8. (a) {First communication}: Option 1: Each Party's first NDMC/NDMCC is that listed in Annex [x] to the Agreement. Option 2: Each Party shall communicate its first NDMC/NDMCC no later than upon [ratification or acceptance of] [joining] this Agreement. Option 3: No provision on first communication in the Agreement [for decision text] (b) {Subsequent communications} Option 1: {communication to five-year time period} (i) {Every five years, harmonized NDC} Each Party shall [[communicate its [successive] [new]] [update its] NDMC/NDMCC by [year x] [2020] [2021] and every five years thereafter on a [synchronized][common] basis, [or resubmit an existing NDMC/NDMCC] [for the subsequent five-year time frame], taking into account the outcomes of the global stocktake referred to in Article 10. (ii) {Submit INDC} All Parties shall submit their [intended] [proposed] NDMC/NDMCC [12 [–18] months prior to] [well before] [finalization [inscriptions] (iii) Finalize NDC [[with a view to [inscription in [Annex] x8 ][finalization] [at least three months prior to][well before] the session of the CMA at which NDMC/NDMCC will be collectively updated]]; [placeholder for an option regarding an "indicative" or "intended" subsequent NDMC/NDMCC for [five] years after the year of the submitted contribution.] Option 2: {communication before the end of the period of implementation} Successive NDMC/NDMCC [shall] [will] [other] be communicated by Parties after completion of the current implementation cycle. (c) {Consultative period/ex ante} Option 1: [In the 12 [–18] month period referred to in paragraph x] [The CMA shall facilitate [conduct]] [All Parties shall participate in] a [preparatory] process to [facilitate] [enhance] the clarity, transparency and understanding of the [intended] [proposed] NDMC/NDMCC, including their aggregate effect in the light of the long-term temperature goal referred to in Article 2, including through the production of an aggregate synthesis report. The [preparatory] process shall be conducted in accordance with the modalities and procedures to be adopted by the CMA at its first session. Option 2: No provision on consultative period/ex ante Option 3: Placement: Deal with this issue in Article 9 (d) {Common time frame in future} Option 1: A common time frame for Parties' NDMC/NDMCC from 2030 onward shall be decided by the CMA at its first session Option 2: No provision for common time frame Option 3: Differentiated time frames for developed and developing countries to be decided by the CMA at its first session (e) {Adjustments at any time} Option 1: A Party may, at any time, submit an update to its NDMC/NDMCC that represents a progression in ambition beyond its previous efforts [in accordance with the simplified adjustment procedure referred to in Article X] Option 2: The enhancement of the [[intended] nationally determined contribution][NDMC/NDMCC] of developing country Parties is premised on the adequacy of finance, technology transfer and capacitybuilding support from developed country Parties. A developing country Party may adjust its [[intended] nationally determined contribution][NDMC/NDMCC] when severely affected by an extreme natural event, force majeure, or when adequate finance, technology development and transfer and capacitybuilding support are not available; Option 3: No text on adjustment {Additional notes on related provisions: * Article 3, paragraph 6: This restructuring does not deal with the accompanying information requirements, as currently outlined in paragraph 6 of this Article. After stripping out the timings elements, the paragraph would read: There shall be a high-level session on mitigation, as part of the process outlined in Article 10 every five years, the modalities of which are to be in accordance with decision 1/CP.21 and any subsequent decisions by the CMA.} {Housing} 9. Option 1: [The NDMC/NDMCC communicated by Parties shall be [listed][published] [in an online registry maintained by the secretariat][ in Annex [X] to this Agreement][on the UNFCCC website].] Option 2: [The NDMC/NDMCC communicated by developed country Parties shall be inscribed in Annex A to this Agreement. The NDMC/NDMCC communicated by developing country Parties shall be inscribed in Annex B to this Agreement.] {Accounting} 9 10. Option 1: [In tracking progress towards achieving their NDMC/NDMCC, Parties shall apply the principles of transparency, accuracy, completeness, comparability, consistency, avoidance of double counting and environmental integrity.] Option 2: [In tracking progress towards achieving their NDMC/NDMCC, Parties shall apply the principles of transparency, accuracy, completeness, comparability, consistency, avoidance of double counting, and environmental integrity.] [The rules and guidance related to the tracking of progress towards achieving NDMC/NDMCC accounting [that are set forth in [relevant COP decisions and in] decision 1/CP.21], including with respect to land use [and landuse change] [and forests] [and REDD-plus] [and internationally transferred mitigation outcomes], [shall be adopted by the CMA at its first session and may be amended by any subsequent decisions of the CMA] [so as to improve the clarity, transparency and environmental integrity of this Agreement.] Option 3: (a) [Taking into consideration the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, and Article 4, paragraph 9, of the Convention] [The rules and guidance related to accounting [that are set forth in [relevant COP decisions and in] decision 1/CP.21], including with respect to land use [and land-use change] [and forests][ and REDD-plus][and internationally transferred mitigation outcomes], [shall be adopted by the CMA at its first session and may be amended by any subsequent decisions of the CMA] [so as to improve the clarity, transparency and environmental integrity of this Agreement.] (b) [In accounting for its NDMC/NDMCC, each Party shall, taking into account the guidance developed under paragraph [x](a) above]: (i) [Use the common metrics, guidance and guidelines accepted by the IPCC for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions and removals and agreed by the CMA]; (ii) [Ensure methodological consistency between the definition of the NDMC/NDMCC and its implementation]; (iii) [Include an explanation for the exclusion from the NDMC/NDMCC of any key categories of emissions and removals, and strive to include these over time]; (iv) [[Ensure that] Once a source, sink or activity is accounted for in a NDMC/NDMCC, Parties shall continue to include it]; (v) [[Ensure that] internationally transferred mitigation outcomes to meet its NDMC/NDMCC are real, permanent, additional and verified, are subject to systems to ensure that units are not counted more than once in tracking progress towards nationally determined mitigation commitments, and are supplemental to domestic action]. Option 4: {Deal with accounting in Transparency of Action and Support} Option 5: No provisions on accounting and land use Differentiation modulator {A choice to be made for options 1, 2, and 3 of this Article (Art. 3.10)} Option (a): [Taking into consideration the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, and Article 4, paragraph 9, of the Convention] Option (b): No differentiation modulator applied in this specific paragraph (does not prejudge how or where differentiation is treated in this section). {Methods and guidance} 11. Option 1: In the context of their NDMC/NDMCC, when recognizing and implementing mitigation actions in respect of anthropogenic emissions and removals [including from land use [or REDD-plus]], Parties may draw from [/build on] existing methods and guidance under the Convention and from the IPCC. Option 2: No provisions on accounting and land use. {Long-term strategies} 12. [Parties [are invited][should strive ]][invite Parties, on a voluntary basis] to formulate and communicate longerterm low-emission development strategies [in accordance with the modalities to be decided by the CMA at its first session][Developed country Parties shall formulate low-emission development strategies with time frames for achieving zero emissions. Developing country Parties are encouraged to develop a long-term green and lowcarbon development strategy, plan or programme, as appropriate]. [The secretariat shall maintain Parties' communicated low-emission development strategies in a public registry.] {Response measures} [Preamble: Parties acknowledge the importance of cooperation, including around economic diversification to reduce the adverse impacts of the implementation of response measures.] 13. Option 1: [Parties shall give full consideration to what actions are necessary under this Agreement to meet the specific needs and concerns of developing country Parties arising from the impact of the implementation of response measures, including in terms of economic diversification, and taking into consideration that poverty eradication and social and economic development are the first and overriding priorities of developing country Parties. Parties agree to enhance actions under this Agreement, including through strengthening institutional arrangements, and to adopt adopt modalities and procedures for enhancing those arrangements. To this end the CMA shall establish a cooperative mechanism to address the adverse impacts of the implementation of response measures on developing country Parties, as included in decision -/CP.21.] Option 2: No text {Unilateral measures} 14. Option 1: [Developed country Parties shall not resort to any form of unilateral measures against goods and services from developing country Parties on any grounds related to climate change, recalling the principles and provisions of the Convention, in particular its Article 3, paragraphs 1, 4 and 5, and Article 4, paragraphs 3, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10, and taking into account the principles of equity, common but differentiated responsibilities and the obligations of developed country Parties to provide financial resources, transfer of technologies and capacity-building support to developing country Parties.] Option 2: No text {REIOs} 15. [Parties, including regional economic integration organizations and their member States, may jointly communicate and[/or] implement their NDMC/NDMCC [detailing in their joint communication the combined level of NDMC/NDMCC and individual levels of the NDMC/NDMCC of each member State of that regional economic integration organization. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and together with, a regional economic integration organization, any alteration in the composition of the organization after adoption of this Agreement shall not affect existing NDMC/NDMCC under this Agreement. Any alteration in the composition of the organization shall apply only for the purposes of those commitments under Article 3 that are adopted subsequent to that alteration. If Parties act jointly to implement their NDMC/NDMCC in the framework of, and together with, a regional economic integration organization that is itself a Party to this Agreement, each member State of that regional economic integration organization individually and together with the regional economic integration organization shall, in the event of failure to achieve the total combined level of NDMC/NDMCC, be responsible for the level of its NDMC /NDMCC as communicated in accordance with this Article.] {Cooperative approaches} 16. Option 1: Parties may also cooperate in the implementation of their NDMC/NDMCC. Option 2: [Parties, when using cooperative approaches, shall ensure that they deliver real, permanent, additional and verified internationally transferrable mitigation outcomes, which shall be counted only once.] [The cooperation of Parties in the implementation of mitigation activities to implement their NDMC/NDMCC may include cooperation through the Warsaw Framework for REDD-plus, mechanisms developed under the COP and cooperative approaches involving the international transfer of mitigation outcomes that meet standards and guidelines to be decided on by the CMA at its first session that are aimed at ensuring environmental integrity and the delivery of real, permanent, additional and verified internationally transferrable mitigation outcomes that shall be counted only once in tracking progress towards NDCs. The CMA shall provide that a mechanism for supporting sustainable development is available to a**ist Parties in fulfilling their NDMCs/NDMCCs, while respecting the NDMC/NDMCC of the host Party.]10 Option 3: Parties acknowledge the importance of cooperation instruments for enhancing mitigation commitments at the local, regional and/or international level. Option 4: No provision {Support} 17. Developed country Parties, the operating entities of the Financial Mechanism of the Convention and any other organizations in a position to do so shall provide support for the preparation, communication and implementation of the NDMC/NDMCC of developing country Parties. Option 1:[Developing country Parties][developing country Parties and other countries with economies in transition][Parties in need of support] are eligible for support in the implementation of this Article. Option 2: The developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention shall provide new and additional financial resources, technology transfer and capacity-building to meet the agreed full costs incurred by developing country Parties in complying with their obligations under this Article. {Framing} 18. [The implementation of the provisions of this Article should [reflect][be subject to] [national circumstances]] [common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities in the light of different national circumstances and different development stages ] [differentiation between developed and developing country Parties ] [of LDCs and SIDS]. [The extent to which developing country Parties will effectively implement their commitments will depend on the effective implementation by developed country Parties of their commitments related to financial resources, transfer of technology and capacity-building.] {International transport emissions} 19. Option 1: Parties [shall][should][other] pursue the limitation or reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation and marine bunker fuels, working through the International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Maritime Organization, respectively, with a view to agreeing concrete measures addressing these emissions, including developing procedures for incorporating emissions from international aviation and marine bunker fuels into low-emission development strategies. Option 2: No text [Article 3 bis] (REDD-PLUS) 1. [Mechanisms for forest mitigation and adaptation are] [A REDD-plus mechanism is] hereby defined. 2. The REDD-plus mechanism consists of relevant decisions of the COP, including decisions 9/CP.19 to 15/CP.19 and decision -/CP.21. 3. The purpose of the REDD-plus mechanism shall be to incentivize the reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and to promote the conservation and sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries, while enhancing the non-carbon benefits of the multiple functions of forests, including alleviating poverty and building ecosystem resilience. 4. [The Joint Mitigation and Adaptation Mechanism (JMA) is established to support the integral and sustainable management of forests as an alternative to results-based payments, in accordance with decision X/CP.21.] [Article 3 ter] (MECHANISM TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT) Option I: 1. A mechanism is established to support sustainable development, to be available to a**ist Parties in fulfilling their NDMC/NDMCC. This mechanism shall be under the authority and guidance of the CMA and be supervised by a body designated by the CMA, and would aim to: (a) Enhance mitigation ambition and the mobilization of financing for climate action; (b) Incentivize and enable participation in cost-effective mitigation action by public and private entities under the responsibility of a Party. 2. The CMA shall adopt modalities and procedures for the above-mentioned mechanism at its first session.] {Additional elements to Article 3ter to be reflected in the Article (these are also applicable to paragraph 46 of the decision): • Additional element - own contribution – EU submission on paragraph 34 "Deliver where desired by Participating Parties a net contribution to mitigation over and above the current NDMC/NDMCC of the Parties participating". • Approval by the Parties involved • Article 3 ter enabling creation of multiple mechanisms • Sustainable development criteria of the host country} Option II: 1. Recommends that the CMA at its first session consider establishing a mechanism to support sustainable development, to be available to a**ist Parties in fulfilling their NDMC/NDMCC. This mechanism would be under the authority and guidance of the CMA and be supervised by a body designated by the CMA, and would aim to: (a) Enhance mitigation ambition and the mobilization of financing for climate action; (b) Incentivize and enable participation in cost-effective mitigation action by public and private entities acting under the responsibility of a Party; 2. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) to elaborate modalities and procedures for the mechanism for sustainable development and report to the Intergovernmental Preparatory Committee (IPC) at its [X] session with a view to the IPC making recommendations, for consideration and adoption by the CMA at its first session, that inter alia: (a) Provide, where desired by the participating Parties, for the creation and issuance of real, permanent, additional and verified mitigation outcomes that may be used to meet their NDMC/NDMCC in a manner that is supplementary to domestic action, is consistent with the rules and guidance for accounting, and provides that a share of proceeds will be allocated for adaptation; (b) Deliver, where desired by participating Parties, a net decrease in or avoidance of emissions; (c) Build on the mechanism defined in Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol and related decisions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP);] {paragraph 46, option 1, of the decision} Option III: [For the purpose of meeting a portion of its mitigation commitment under Article 3, any Party may elect to use certified units generated under the new market-based mechanism defined under decision 2/CP.17, paragraph 83, subject to the adoption by the CMA of modalities and procedures elaborating each of the elements in decision 1/CP. 18, paragraph 51, and the adoption of eligibility rules for participation that promote fair and equitable access for all Parties. These modalities and procedures shall ensure that the design and operation of the mechanism delivers net global emission reductions through the cancellation of a share of units generated, transferred, used or acquired from offsetting activities.] Option IV: Establishes a mechanism to support holistic and integrated approaches to sustainable development in harmony with nature to be available to a**ist developing country Parties in fulfilling their NDMC/NDMCC, including, in a balanced manner, with regard to mitigation, adaptation, provision of finance, technology transfer and capacitybuilding. This mechanism shall be under the authority and guidance of the CMA and be supervised by a body designated by the CMA, and would aim to: (a) Enhance mitigation and adaptation ambition and the provision and mobilization of public financing, technology transfer and capacity-building in an integrated manner for climate action; (b) Enhance non-market-based approaches and enable participation in joint cost-effective mitigation and adaptation actions by public and private entities acting under the responsibility of a Party; (c) Support the implementation of the joint mitigation and adaptation approach for the integral and sustainable management of forests as an alternative policy approach to results-based payments; (d) Fully respect the mitigation contributions of participating Parties to ensure that the global mitigation effort is not undermined. The CMA shall adopt modalities and procedures for the above-mentioned mechanism at its first session.] Option V: No Article 3 ter.