III. DECISIONS TO GIVE EFFECT TO THE AGREEMENT
GENERAL
22. Welcomes the efforts of all actors to address climate change, including those of civil society, the private sector,
financial institutions, cities and other subnational authorities, local communities and indigenous peoples;
23. Invites the actors referred to in paragraph 22 above to scale up their efforts and support further undertaken by
Parties to reduce [and/or avoid] emissions and/or to build resilience and decrease vulnerability to the adverse
effects of climate change;
24. Also invites the actors referred to in paragraph 22 above to demonstrate their continued efforts to address climate
change via the Non-State Actor Zone for Climate Action;
MITIGATION
25.
Option 1: [Decides that Parties shall [submit][communicate] their first nationally determined mitigation
[contribution][commitment][other] in accordance with Article 3 of the Agreement;]
Option 2: [Develop modalities to implement the distribution of a global carbon budget based on climate justice,
considering historical responsibilities, ecological footprint, capabilities, state of development and population;]
26. [Decides that Parties shall, when pursuing all mitigation actions, ensure that they are consistent with all relevant
obligations, ensure the integrity and resilience of natural ecosystems and respect customary and sustainable landuse
systems;]
27. Also decides that the information to be provided by Parties when communicating their first [and each successive
or resubmitted] nationally determined mitigation [contribution][commitment][other] [shall][may] include, inter alia[, the information listed in decision 1/CP.20, paragraph 14]:
[(a) Quantifiable information on the reference point (including, as appropriate for the type of nationally
determined mitigation [commitment][contribution], a base year);
(b) Time frames and/or periods for implementation;
(c) Pools, gases and key categories of emissions by sources and removals by sinks included in the NDMC;
(d) Assumptions, metrics, methodological approaches and key data sources, including those for projected
baselines, if any, and estimating and accounting for anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and
removals;
(e) If the Party intends to cooperate internationally on mitigation outcomes, a description of the intended use
and how it intends to avoid double counting;
(f) How the Party considers that its intended nationally determined contribution is fair and ambitious, in the
light of its national circumstances;
(g) How the INDC contributes towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2;]
[(h) The base year or baseline of the commitment;
(i) Its deviation from the base year or baseline expressed as a percentage change;
(j) The coverage of the commitment, including the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and removals by
sinks and greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol that are included;
(k) An estimate of the anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not
controlled by the Montreal Protocol for the base year or baseline;
(l) An identification of where the Party intends to employ land- or activity-based accounting for the
anthropogenic land use, land-use change and forestry categories or activities included in its commitment
and the reference value for use in accounting for those categories or activities;
(m) The intended use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes and projected impacts on the Party's
nationally determined mitigation commitment;
(n) An explanation of how the Party's wider commitment is considered to be a fair and ambitious
contribution to the below 2°C objective;]
28.
Option 1: Acknowledges that Parties may adjust the submission of their first nationally determined mitigation
[contribution][commitment][other] to make it consistent with the rules and guidance for accounting for
anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and removals pursuant to Article 3, paragraph 10 of the Agreement[,
consistent with Article 3, paragraph 7, of the Agreement][, subject to the requirement that Parties ensure that
there is no backsliding in the level of mitigation effort];
Option 2: No text for adjustment, land use and accounting;
29. Requests the [SBI] to develop modalities and procedures for the operation and use of the registry referred to in
Article 3, paragraph 9, of the Agreement, for consideration by the IPC at its [X] session, with a view to the IPC
making a recommendation thereon to the CMA at its first session;
30. Also requests the secretariat to make available an interim registry in the first half of 2016 for the recording of
nationally determined mitigation [contributions][commitments][other] submitted in accordance with Article 3 of the Agreement, pending the adoption by the CMA of the modalities and procedures referred to in paragraph 29
above;
31. Recommends that the CMA [consider][decide upon], at its first session, with regard to Article 3, paragraph 6, of
the Agreement, [whether] any additional information [shall][to] be included by Parties when communicating
their nationally determined mitigation [contribution][commitment][[other][and what information shall be
included by Parties when communicating their adaptation [contribution][commitment][other]];
32. Requests the IPC to [consider the information presented by Parties in the communication of their first NDC and
how to increase the clarity, transparency and understanding thereof in order to] make a recommendation to the
CMA regarding paragraph 31 above;
33. [Requests the IPC to facilitate the enhancement of the clarity, transparency and understanding of the successive
or [revisited][recommunicated] intended nationally determined mitigation contributions communicated by
Parties well before their finalization by providing Parties the opportunity to consider them through:
(a) A facilitative dialogue that promotes clarity, transparency and understanding;
(b) An updated synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the nationally determined mitigation contributions
before their finalization;]
34 [Decides that each Party shall communicate a successive or [revisited][recommunicated] intended nationally
determined contribution well before [the session of the CMA in 2021];]
35. Decides, in relation to Parties, including regional economic integration organizations, implementing their
nationally determined [contributions][commitments][other] jointly under Article 3, paragraph 15, of the
Agreement, that:
(a) Parties, including regional economic integration organizations, that have reached an agreement to
implement their nationally determined mitigation [contributions][commitments][other] jointly shall notify
the secretariat of the terms of such an agreement on the date of the deposit of their instruments of
ratification, acceptance or approval of the Agreement, or accession thereto;
(b) The secretariat shall inform Parties to the Agreement [and Parties to the Convention] of the terms of the
agreement to implement jointly referred to in paragraph 35(a) above;
(c) Any alteration to the composition of the Parties, including regional economic integration organizations,
implementing jointly shall not affect any then current nationally determined mitigation
[contribution(s)][commitment(s)][other] and shall become applicable for the purpose of the Agreement to
the next nationally determined mitigation [contribution][commitment][other] submitted by that
organization, by Parties implementing jointly with Parties that have become members of that
organization, or by Parties implementing jointly;
36. [Also decides that the IPC shall develop, for consideration and adoption by the CMA at its first session,
principles and guidelines for all actions in the land sector that:
(a) Ensure the integrity and resilience of natural ecosystems;
(b) Respect customary and sustainable land-use systems and the security of indigenous peoples' and local
communities' land tenure;
(c) Are undertaken in an equitable, transparent and participatory manner;
(d) Ensure food security;
(e) Are consistent with all relevant international obligations;]
37.
Option 1: [[Recognizing the importance of environmental integrity, transparency, accuracy, completeness,
comparability, consistency and avoiding double counting,] Also decides [that the rules and guidance for the
accounting [of action and support] referred to in Article 3, paragraph 10[, and Article 9, paragraph 4,] of the
Agreement, for consideration and adoption by the CMA at its first session, should ensure that]:
(a) [Each Party shall] [Parties] ensure methodological consistency [between the communication of nationally
determined mitigation [contributions][commitments][other] and the implementation thereof][throughout
each implementation term and when tracking progress towards the achievement thereof];
(b) [Each Party shall] [Parties] include an explanation for the exclusion [its/their] nationally determined
mitigation [contribution][commitment][other] of any key categories of emissions or removals and strive
to include them over time;
(c) Parties shall, once a source, sink or activity is accounted for in a nationally determined mitigation
[contribution][commitment][other], continue to include it or provide an explanation of why it has been
excluded [and an a**essment of the impact that such exclusion has on its fulfillment of the nationally
determined mitigation [contribution][commitment][other]];
(d) [Each Party shall:
(i) to the extent that they use its baselines, maintain them unchanged during implementation, except
for technical corrections;
(ii) to the extent that they use its projected baselines, reflect the emissions and removals that would be
expected without additional action];
(e) Parties use common metrics and methodologies adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions and removals;
(f) [Each Party shall account for both anthropogenic emissions and removals and may exclude nonanthropogenic
and legacy effects;] [move (a)-(d) to agreement]
(g) [Internationally transferred mitigation outcomes used by any Party to meet its nationally determined
mitigation [contribution][commitment][other] [will avoid double counting and] are supplemental to
domestic action;]]
(h) [The use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes is on the basis of an equivalent adjustment by
both the transferring Party and the acquiring Party;]
(i) [The use of realistic and meaningful reference values, based on historical and actual data or projections
consistent with long-term trends in historical emissions, builds, where appropriate, on approaches
established under the Convention and its instruments; in case of any change to reference values, Parties
shall provide an explanation of the change;]
Option 2: [No provision on international transfer of mitigation outcomes.][No text.]
38. Recognizes that existing methodologies and approaches with regard to accounting established under the
Convention for REDD-plus shall be suitable for a**essing the fulfilment of nationally determined mitigation
[contributions] [commitments][other] in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 10, of the Agreement; (the
insertion of 38 will require the deletion of 42)]
39.
Option 1: [Requests the SBSTA to develop [additional] methodologies and approaches[, where needed and
appropriate,] with regard to accounting in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 10, of the Agreement [and
paragraph 37 above], for consideration by the [IPC][CMA] at its [[X]][second] session;]
Option 2: No text.
40. [Requests the SBSTA to elaborate accounting guidance for Parties that engage in international transfers of
mitigation outcomes to avoid double counting of effort, and guidance that would enable such Parties to
demonstrate that mitigation outcomes are real, permanent, additional and verified, for consideration by the IPC at
its [X] session and adoption by the CMA at its first session;]
41. [Requests the SBSTA to develop methodologies and approaches with regard to accounting in accordance with
Article 3, paragraph 10, of the Agreement and paragraph 37 above, for consideration by the IPC at its [X] session
in 2016; such guidance shall not apply retrospectively to Parties' NDMCs;]
42.
Option 1: [Also requests the IPC to elaborate the methodologies and approaches [, where needed and
appropriate,] for accounting referred to in paragraph 39 above, taking into account the methodologies and
approaches developed by the SBSTA, with a view to the [IPC][CMA] making recommendations thereon to the
CMA at its first session;]
Option 2: No text
43. Requests the SBSTA
(a) Pursuant to decision 1/CP.17, to review the guidelines for international a**essment and review in 2016,
together with the guidelines for biennial reports, and in 2017 to review the guidelines for international
consultation and an*lysis, together with the guidelines for biennial update reports, and to report on
progress made and to recommend any revisions to the guidelines for adoption by the COP at its twentythird
session (November 2017);
(b) Informed by the process referred to in paragraph 43(a) above and any further guidance provided by the
COP, to develop a common framework for transparency of action and support, building on and further
improving existing processes, including those for mitigation commitments, adaptation components of
INDCs and undertakings on adaptation, and the provision of support provided and received, as well as
means of a**essment against the long-term goal for mitigation, the global goal for adaptation and the
aggregate scale of finance, with a view to recommending a decision to the COP at its twenty-fifth session
(November 2019);
44. Requests the SBSTA, pursuant to decision 1/CP.18 and building on the work on methodologies for finance, to
develop accounting for the provision of support over time, enhancing the common tabular format for biennial
reports and the methodology for reporting by developed countries on support provided and enhancing the
reporting by developing countries[, including those Parties whose special circumstances are recognized by the
COP] on support received, taking into account the imperative to avoid double and multiple counting, as well as
means of a**essment against the aggregate goal for finance provided by developed countries, with a view to
recommending a decision to the COP at its twenty-fifth session (November 2019);
45.
[Option 1: [Provision on response measures.][Decides to establish a cooperative mechanism by the COP at its
[X] session to address the specific needs and concerns of developing country Parties[, including those Parties
whose special circumstances are recognized by the COP], arising from the impacts of the implementation of
response measures, by building on the work of the forum to develop a specific work programme to be
undertaken by the mechanism that shall be implemented, with a view to recommending specific tools, actions
and programmes to address the impacts and the implementation gaps in order to avoid and minimize adverse
effects on developing country Parties[, including those Parties whose special circumstances are recognized by
the COP].[Unilateral measures shall not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a
disguised restriction on international trade].[Parties strengthen existing arrangements by establishing a
cooperative mechanism (platform) under the Convention to manage the transition to low greenhouse gas
emission pathways, which would identify and then measure the impacts and which would use existing tools as
much as possible and further develop tools to address identified gaps and ensure their operationalization. The
governing body shall develop and adopt modalities for a permanent forum under the SBSTA]].
[Option 2: No provision on response measures.]
Option I: (paragraphs 46 and 46bis)
46. [[Recommends that the CMA, at its first session, consider establishing a] [A multi-window] mechanism [is
hereby established] to support [low-emission development pathways][sustainable development], to be available
to a**ist Parties in fulfilling their nationally determined mitigation [contributions][commitments][other] which
would be under the authority and guidance of the CMA and be supervised by a body designated by the CMA,
and would aim to:
(a) [Meet and] enhance mitigation ambition and the mobilization of financing for climate action;
(b) Incentivize and enable participation in cost-effective mitigation action by public and private entities
acting under the responsibility of a Party;
(c) [Fully respect the mitigation contributions of participating Parties to ensure that global mitigation effort is
not undermined];
46bis Requests the SBSTA to elaborate modalities and procedures for the mechanism [for sustainable development]
referred to in paragraph 46 above, and to report to the [IPC][CMA] at its [X] session [with a view to the IPC
making recommendations,] for consideration and adoption [by the CMA] at its first session, that, inter alia:
(a) Provide, where desired by the participating Parties, for the creation and issuance of real, permanent,
additional and verified mitigation outcomes that [fully respect the nationally determined commitment of
the host Party and that] may be used to meet nationally determined [contributions][commitments][other]
in a manner that is supplementary to domestic action, is consistent with the rules and guidance for
accounting [and provides for a share of proceeds for adaptation];
(b) Deliver, where desired by the participating Parties, a net [decrease] [contribution to mitigation over and
above the current NDCs of the Parties participating] [or avoidance of emissions] [as well as a net increase
in removals corresponding to a net carbon stock increase];
(c) [Build][Acknowledge] [on] [experience from] the [lessons learned from implementation of the] [flexible]
mechanism[s] [defined in [Article 12] of the Kyoto Protocol and related decisions of the Conference of
the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP)]][and work undertaken in
the context of the review of those mechanisms] [already established under the Convention];](delete, move
to Agreement as modified)
(d) [Use appropriate baselines that may be based on programmatic or sectoral approaches;]]
Option II: (paragraphs 46 and 46bis)
46. [Recommends that the CMA, at its first session, consider establishing a mechanism to support holistic and
integrated approaches to sustainable development in harmony with nature, to be available to a**ist developing
country Parties in fulfilling their nationally determined [contributions][commitments][other], including, in a
balanced manner, mitigation, adaptation, provision of finance, technology transfer and capacity-building, which
would be under the authority and guidance of the CMA and be supervised by a body designated by the CMA,
and would aim to:
(a) Enhance mitigation and adaptation ambition and the provision of public financing, technology transfer
and capacity-building in an integrated manner for climate action;
(b) Enhance non market-based approaches and enable participation in joint mitigation and adaptation action
by public and private entities acting under the responsibility of a Party;
(c) Support the implementation of the joint mitigation and adaptation approach for the integral and
sustainable management of forests as an alternative policy approach to results-based payments;
46bis Requests the SBSTA to elaborate modalities and procedures for the mechanism for sustainable development
referred to in paragraph 46 above, and to report to the IPC at its [X] session with a view to the IPC making
recommendations, for consideration and adoption by the CMA at its first session, that, inter alia:
(a) Provide, where desired by the participating Parties, for the achievement of real, permanent, additional and
verified mitigation and adaptation outcomes to meet conditional nationally determined [contributions]
[commitments][other] consistent with the rules of the COP;]
Option III: [No text on this mechanism]